New Conlang
This page is heavily WIP.
Phonology
Consonant Inventory
|
labial |
coronal |
palatal |
velar |
labiovelar |
| nasals |
m /m/ |
n /n/ |
|
ŋ /ŋ/ |
|
| stops |
p /p/ |
t /t/ |
|
k /k/ |
kw /kʷ/ |
| b /b/ |
d /d/ |
|
|
|
| affricates |
|
c /t͡s/ |
č /t͡ʃ/ |
|
|
|
ʒ /d͡z/ |
ǯ /d͡ʒ/ |
|
|
| fricatives |
|
s /s/ |
š /ʃ/ |
x /x/ |
xw /xʷ/ |
|
|
ž /ʒ/ |
ɣ /ɣ/ |
ɣw /ɣʷ/ |
| trills |
|
r /r/ |
|
|
|
| approximants |
|
l /l/ |
y /y/ |
|
w /w/ |
Vowel Inventory
|
short |
long |
|
front |
central |
back |
front |
central |
back |
| close |
i į /i ĩ/ |
|
u ų /u ũ/ |
ī į /iː ĩː/ |
|
ū ų /uː ũː/ |
| mid |
e /e/ |
|
o /o/ |
ē /eː/ |
|
ō /oː/ |
| open |
|
a ą /a ã/ |
|
|
ā ą /aː ãː/ |
|
Vowel length distinctions are not as simple as is presented by the table. Long vowels only occur in open/codaless syllables (though etymological long vowels may occur in closed syllables, the vowels are simply shortened in this context), unless that long vowel arises from coalescence of two indentical vowels in hiatus, which can be underlyingly analysed as two short vowels. Nasal vowels are underlyingly long, and the short variants only occur due to this restriction; this is the reason for the lack of an orthographic distinction between long and short nasal vowels. The same can be said about the short forms of the mid vowels, which arise from the same restriction. Note that coda /j/ & /w/ are restricted in their possible contexts, and can only occur before oral short vowels /e/ & /o/ respectively, which are neutralisations of all non-high oral short/long vowels in this context, while possible /Hj/ & /Hw/ both are reflected as /iː/ & /uː/, respectively.
| C¹ | V | C² |
|---|
| /p t t͡s t͡ʃ k kʷ b d d͡z d͡ʒ s ʃ x xʷ ʒ ɣ ɣʷ m n r l j w/ |
/a ə e o i u ã ĩ ũ aː eː oː iː uː ãː ĩː ũː/ |
/p t͡s t͡ʃ k s b d͡z d͡ʒ s ʃ x ɣ m n r l j w/ |
The language has phonemic stress, which generally tends to fall on heavy syllables. If it falls on a light syllable, that syllable must be initial.
Grammar
Conjugations
| Past | Present | Future/Irrealis | Stative |
|---|
| 1SG.A |
la̠ma-kū |
la̠ma-kī |
la̠ma-kī |
la̠ma-kiru |
| 1SG.B |
cəro̠-kkwə |
cəro̠-kkə |
cəro̠-kki |
cəro̠-kru |
| 1SG.C |
xawi̠-kkō |
xawi̠-kkē |
xawi̠-kkəyi |
xawi̠-kkəru |
| 1PL.A |
la̠ma-nū |
la̠ma-nī |
la̠ma-nuyi |
la̠ma-nuru |
| 1PL.B |
cəro̠-ŋŋwə |
cəro̠-nnə |
cəro̠-nni |
cəro̠-nru |
| 1PL.C |
xawi̠-nnō |
xawi̠-nnē |
xawi̠-nnəyi |
xawi̠-nnəru |
[Back to main page]